Internal-combustion engine.



P. D. J'OHLSTGN.

TERNAL ooMBUsTIoN ENGINE.

PPLGATICN VFILED HAY 17, N07.

' Patented Jan. 18

eNirED srnTEs PATENT orricE;

PHILIP nEVEEUQonN-"STN, or COLD SPRING, YORK, AssmNoR To AMERICAN .o1',r ,ENerNE,coMPANY, A conPoRArIoN or NEW YORK.

I'NfrERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

' Specification of Letters Patent. Paten tied Jan. 18, 1910.

r1996, 'Serial No. 330,871. Divided and this application led May 17.

1997. Serial N0. 374,266.

Original application .tiled August 17,

To allwh'om it inegi/concern: lh'c other cud of the vcombustion chamber.55 lie it known that I, PHILIPDINEREUXA tube is connected toamixingvalvc`l3. This Jouix's'roma citizen of the United States, mixing valieis provided with an internal residingiat Cold'I Spring,"]?utnam county,mixing chamber 14. Between the mman" i' State of- New York,` haveinvented an Iinchamber and the tube 11 is a cut cti' valve 15 provenientinInternal-Combustion Engines, is cut ofi" valve 1s operated byasuit-able 60 ot` which the following isa'specicat-ion. mechanism at theproper time so as to close The 'object I 'have in View is theproduccommunication between the mixing chamber lion ot' an internalcombustionen'gine by and'the tube. means of' which the eiiiciency can bein-A Thre nozzles discharge into the mixing creased -and greater economysecured "than chamber 1st. The nozzle 16 is arranged to 65 heretoforebythe use of aheavier and less deliver ain into the Vmixing chamber,thevolatile hydrocarbon. nozzle 17,'il or other forni of liquid fuel,This application for patent is a division and Athe nozzle 18, water. Thenozzles 17 of an application filed" by me August 17, and 18 are shownwith their orifices opposed l 1906, 'Serial No. 330,971. J to eachother, while the nozzle 1G, for the 70 Further `t bj`ectswill appear inthe followintroduction of air tutti the mixingchamingfspecication andaccompanying drawber has'its orifice at right angles to the ings. Thesedrawings illustrate mechanism other two nozzles. embodying my invention.he air nozzle 16 communicates, by means vLigure 1 is a sectional 'viewof the opof a pipe 19, with a coil 20, arranged 'within 75 erative partsofjs'uch" an engine. Fig. 2 is a chamber 21, which communicates with thea horizontalsectional view taken on the line vexhaust port 4. The coilis in'such a posirz-a of Fig. 1, across the combustion chamtion that itwill be constantly swept by the ber; and Fig. is an enlarged det-ail ofa hot products of comal'stion. Connecting portion of themechamsm showninFig. 2. the coil 20 and a source of air supply under 80 Tn all the'viewslikerpartsarc designated`` pressure (not shown) is a pipe A suitby thesaine" reeiencc characters. able means of supplying air nuclei' pressureTlieengine `illustrated is an oil engine of may be an air pump or a tankcontaining?ii the ilcycle onli-stroke type, although the compressed air.A'pipe 23 communicates 'engineis not limited by .such a construction,with thc pipe 22, so as to be subjected to 85 Ibut may be .equallylwellapplied to engines the same pressure as contained in the pipe usingotherfformsof hydro-carbon or of 22,"and this pipe 2 3 communicates inturn the i4-cycle. or stroketype. with the equilibrium chambers 24' und25. l"

'In the drawings, 1 is the cylinder, which The oil is admitted to thenozzle 17 by is shown as water-jacketed, and hasnt the means of a pipe26, which is connected to top a combustion chamber a pump 27 froma"'source of oil supply.

3 is the inlet valve, and 4 the outlet valve,4 This pump 27 is actuatedfrom a cross-head each. ijalvc beingshown as 'operated by a.carried byan eccentric 28 on the shaft 5. '-'5 cam, carried by thc-valve .shafts 5and re- 'l'lie pump 2 7 and pipe 2G communicate with spcetively. theequilibrium chamber 25J The nusup- 95 T ismthc pistou ot'ftlic ordinarytype, to ply pipe 23 may be provided with a valve which is attzu'ihcdthcrconncctingrod 8. This 38 for the purpose of cutting off or limitingconnecting rod)V is vconnected tothe "crank the flow of air to the twoequilibrium charnf"f E), which. is :.arr"icd'l')y theshat't 10. bers. 4Above the inlet valve 3 is a tube l1. This The water nozzle 18communicates 100 tubo is shown extending,through ouc of the through n.pipe 29 with a coil 30, which walls ot' the combustion chamber andpasses passes through the chamber 2l so to be part-way thrmigh. airopening in the oppo'- acted Aupon by the heat of the discharging fb"-Site WML The tube' is open at cach Vend; products of ccmbustiou. Thiscol l 30 is conthe :free enductl the tube is covered by a nectml throughthe agc-zncy` of a "pipe 3l, to l05 pump 32, which is operated trom thesame cross-head asis the' pump 2T. The equilibl rium chamber 22communicates hood 12, which is not waIcnjacketed, but has asuthciently.thinzwalls to he readily heated bythe combustion of thecontents of the with the i pihp 32 and pipe 31. 'A branch pipe 33 1 willenter the cylinder through the 'port'34 .i

' about one-hal connects the pipe' 29 with the interior of the.lcylinder by means of a port 34. .This port is shown in such a positionas to be closed by the iston when the latter reaches of its inwardstroke. The

amount of opening of the nozzles 16', 17

land I8 may be controlled by suitable valves (not shown), whereby therichness' of the mixture and the speedV of the engine will be regulated.These valves ma be simultane-- ously actuated by a system o linkage,which is shown by the character ,35. This linkage connects with thegovernor, by means of 4which theextent of opening of the nozzles withinthe mixing chamber -is controlled. A

port-36 communicates with the combustion chamber and is for the purposeof ermitting lthe entrance of a starting va ve, by means of which asupply of air under pressure, and a volatile hydro-carbon, will be.admitted to start-the engine.

.In operation, after theengine has been started, and the tube '11 hasbecome heated by the combustion of the volatile hydrocarbon within thecombustion chamber, a

, suppl of liquid hydro-carbonV is., .inn`e `ed into t e mixing chamberthrough n zf/ 17 atn the Sametime a supply of w" er is in- Vjected into.the same chamber through the tube 11, where, coming in contact with thehot walls thereof, it will be converted como Y inthe combustion'chamber,the cylinder or pletely intoV vapor. This vapor will issue rom the openend of' the tube, and vcoming .gin contact with Vthe heatedhood 12, themixture will become further heated, and will be in condition t'o beconsumed without any obj;

iectionable deposits of soot or graphite with?.

upon the piston.v After leavin the retci'g the mixturepf oil orotherliqui fuel,vva tier and com ressed air will 'comein contact with airwhic is being drawn in through the'inlet valve 3. The complete' mixturewill then be drawn into the cyllnder and Will be there compressed by\the ascending piston. The amount of compression can be great so that thegas will be 1n condition to be completely consumed. The ei`ciency of theengine is increased by heating the air and water by means of the coils20 and 30, which are subjected to the hot 'dischargedr` products of theequilibrim-chamber, and as the pressure cpmbustion. A certain amount vofwater the amount being determined by the sizeo the port and its locationwithin the cylin-` der. The equilibrium chambers 24^and 25,communicating as they do with the source of air supply, and subjected tothe pressure of such air, will keep the contents of the mix- A' ingchamber in equilibrium. During thei suction stroke, or while the piston7 1s de `scending, the complete mixture of air,roil" and water will bedischarged `through the retort into the combustion' chamber. This willcontinue during a portion of the compression stroke, or until theressure within the combustion chamber equa 'zes that within the mixinfrchamber, or until the mixing valve 15'1s c osed, shouldthat occur beforethe pressures are equalized. As soon as this happens no more air will beadmitted into through the nozzles of oil and Water is the same as thatof the air, no more liquid will be admitted' into the miXin chamber.Should the port 34 not at this time be covered by the piston no morewater will enter-'90 the cylinder during thisb stroke@ -Arfter the theusual manner, andthe coibustion of thev mixture produces the workingimpulse upon the piston, as is Well understbod.

The invention may be carried out b other mechanism than that shown. Ifesired the compressed-mixture may be drawn o p through the port 37,.,andutilized in produ@- inoP heat or powerin other mechanism.

to employ the Y 10 ty the struturedescrlbed itis posslble heavier andcheaper hydro.- carbons which have been found 'extremely difficult to beused in an internal lcombustion engine, for the reason that they tend tocause deposits of carbon or graphite Within the cylinder and upon thepiston, and 'tochoke the valves, such deposits probably beingcaused bythe fractional distillation of the.

more volatile .constituents of the hydro-car-A 1i bon due necessarily tothe great ressure and;

high temperature required to e ect the ,conibustion `of the lessvolatile constituents of? the ffuel By mixing the oil with ,water, in

the presence of air, in a mixing chamber,

more minute Vthan has 1'1 the subdivision of the h dro-carbon is made Leretofore. been' p63.

sible,and the combustion' more perfect. .J In accordance wjth theprovisions ofthe'ifj patent statutes, Ijiavedescribed theprinaratuswhich I now consider to represent 12'? ciple'of my invention, togetherwith the ap#- 1fthe best embodiment'thereof, but I desire to I.'

ent, is:

have it understood that theapparatus shown :V 12

An internal combustion engine having a 13 re of the e1 norms for int vmm the chmnbelg-:nd f L? n stream of nu' intra rug-nud and wt'nessecstwm 01"' fuel n Stream of wnm into ust ,he Stream uf M pipe and theWater .Hring hough a pozton of th

